3 physicists share Nobel Prize for work on quantum science


              French physicist Alain Aspect smiles before a press conference, Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022 in Palaiseau, outside Paris. Frenchman Alain Aspect, American John F. Clauser and Austrian Anton Zeilinger were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for discovering the way that unseen particles, such as photons or tiny bits of matter, can be linked, or "entangled," with each other even when they are separated by large distances.(AP Photo/Michel Euler)
            
              Professor Anton Zeilinger from the University of Vienna attends a news conference at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information in Vienna, Austria, Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022. The Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to three scientists, Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger for their work on quantum information science.(AP Photo/Theresa Wey)
            
              French physicist Alain Aspect is welcome by French Minister for High Education and Research Sylvie Retailleau, left, before a press conference, Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022 in Palaiseau, outside Paris. Frenchman Alain Aspect, American John F. Clauser and Austrian Anton Zeilinger were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for discovering the way that unseen particles, such as photons or tiny bits of matter, can be linked, or "entangled," with each other even when they are separated by large distances.(AP Photo/Michel Euler)
            
              Professor Anton Zeilinger from the University of Vienna arrives for a news conference at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information in Vienna, Austria, Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022. The Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to three scientists, Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger for their work on quantum information science.(AP Photo/Theresa Wey)
            
              French physicist Alain Aspect speaks during a press conference, Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022 in Palaiseau, outside Paris. Frenchman Alain Aspect, American John F. Clauser and Austrian Anton Zeilinger were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for discovering the way that unseen particles, such as photons or tiny bits of matter, can be linked, or "entangled," with each other even when they are separated by large distances.(AP Photo/Michel Euler)
            
              Professor Anton Zeilinger from the University of Vienna attends a news conference at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information in Vienna, Austria, Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022. The Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to three scientists, Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger for their work on quantum information science.(AP Photo/Theresa Wey)
            
              John F. Clauser speaks to reporters on the phone at his home in Walnut Creek, Calif., on Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022.  Three scientists jointly won this year's Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday, for their work on quantum information science that has significant applications, for example in the field of encryption. Clauser, Alain Aspect of France, and Anton Zeilinger of Austria were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for discovering the way that particles known as photons can be linked, or “entangled,” with each other even when they are separated by large distances.(AP Photo/Terry Chea)
            John F. Clauser speaks to reporters on the phone at his home in Walnut Creek, Calif., on Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022.  Three scientists jointly won this year's Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday, for their work on quantum information science that has significant applications, for example in the field of encryption. Clauser, Alain Aspect of France, and Anton Zeilinger of Austria were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for discovering the way that particles known as photons can be linked, or "entangled," with each other even when they are separated by large distances.(AP Photo/Terry Chea) John F. Clauser stands in his kitchen at his home in Walnut Creek, Calif.,  on Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022. Clauser, Alain Aspect of France, and Anton Zeilinger of Austria were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for discovering the way that particles known as photons can be linked, or "entangled," with each other even when they are separated by large distances. (AP Photo/Terry Chea) This photo provided by the Berkeley Lab shows John Clauser with quantum mechanics experiment to test Bell's theorem at Berkeley, Calif., on Nov. 7, 1975.  Three scientists jointly won this year's Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022, for their work on quantum information science that has significant applications, for example in the field of encryption.  Clauser,  Alain Aspect of France, and Anton Zeilinger of Austria, were cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for discovering the way that particles known as photons can be linked, or "entangled," with each other even when they are separated by large distances. (Steve Gerber/ Berkeley Lab via AP) 
              Thors Hans Hansson, right, member of the Nobel Committee for Physics presents the 2022 Nobel laureates in physics as Secretary General of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Hans Ellegren, centre and member of the Nobel Committee for Physic Eva Olsson, left, listen, during a press conference at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, in Stockholm, Sweden, Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022. The winners of the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics are Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger. (Jonas Ekstromer /TT News Agency via AP)
            
              Secretary General of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Hans Ellegren, centre, Eva Olsson, left and Thors Hans Hansson, members of the Nobel Committee for Physics announce the winner of the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics, from left to right on the screen, Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger, during a press conference at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, in Stockholm, Sweden, Tuesday, Oct. 4, 2022. (Jonas Ekstromer /TT News Agency via AP)